(nirmatrelvir tablets; ritonavir tablets)

PAXLOVID™ (nirmatrelvir tablets; ritonavir tablets) Prescribing Information
Download PAXLOVID™ (nirmatrelvir tablets; ritonavir tablets) Prescribing Information

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions Due to Drug Interactions

Initiation of PAXLOVID, which contains ritonavir, a strong CYP3A inhibitor, in patients receiving medications metabolized by CYP3A or initiation of medications metabolized by CYP3A in patients already receiving PAXLOVID, may increase plasma concentrations of medications metabolized by CYP3A. Medications that induce CYP3A may decrease concentrations of PAXLOVID. These interactions may lead to:

•
Clinically significant adverse reactions, potentially leading to severe, life-threatening, or fatal events from greater exposures of concomitant medications.
•
Loss of therapeutic effect of PAXLOVID and possible development of viral resistance.

Severe, life-threatening, and/or fatal adverse reactions due to drug interactions have been reported in patients treated with PAXLOVID. The most commonly reported concomitant medications resulting in serious adverse reactions were calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus, cyclosporine), followed by calcium channel blockers.

Prior to prescribing PAXLOVID, review all medications taken by the patient to assess potential drug-drug interactions and determine if concomitant medications require a dose adjustment, interruption, and/or additional monitoring (e.g., calcineurin inhibitors) [see Contraindications (4) and Drug Interactions (7)]. See Table 2 for clinically significant drug interactions, including contraindicated drugs. Drugs listed in Table 2 are a guide and not considered a comprehensive list of all possible drugs that may interact with PAXLOVID.

Consider the benefit of PAXLOVID treatment in reducing hospitalization and death, and whether the risk of potential drug-drug interactions for an individual patient can be appropriately managed [see Drug Interactions (7) and Clinical Studies (14)].

5.2 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Anaphylaxis, serious skin reactions (including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome), and other hypersensitivity reactions have been reported with PAXLOVID [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. If signs and symptoms of a clinically significant hypersensitivity reaction or anaphylaxis occur, immediately discontinue PAXLOVID and initiate appropriate medications and/or supportive care.

5.3 Hepatotoxicity

Hepatic transaminase elevations, clinical hepatitis, and jaundice have occurred in patients receiving ritonavir. Therefore, caution should be exercised when administering PAXLOVID to patients with pre-existing liver diseases, liver enzyme abnormalities, or hepatitis.

5.4 Risk of HIV-1 Resistance Development

Because nirmatrelvir is co-administered with ritonavir, there may be a risk of HIV-1 developing resistance to HIV protease inhibitors in individuals with uncontrolled or undiagnosed HIV-1 infection [see Contraindications (4) and Drug Interactions (7)].

Medication Guide

MEDICATION GUIDE

PATIENT INFORMATION
PAXLOVID (pax-LO-vid)
(nirmatrelvir tablets; ritonavir tablets)
co-packaged for oral use

What is the most important information I should know about PAXLOVID?

PAXLOVID can interact with other medicines causing severe or life-threatening side effects or death. It is important to know the medicines that should not be taken with PAXLOVID.

Do not take PAXLOVID if:

•
you are taking any of the following medicines:
o
alfuzosin
o
amiodarone
o
apalutamide
o
carbamazepine
o
colchicine
o
dihydroergotamine
o
dronedarone
o
eletriptan
o
enzalutamide
o
eplerenone
o
ergotamine
o
finerenone
o
flecainide
o
flibanserin
o
ivabradine
o
lomitapide
o
lovastatin
o
lumacaftor/ivacaftor
o
lurasidone
o
methylergonovine
o
midazolam (oral)
o
naloxegol
o
phenobarbital
o
phenytoin
o
pimozide
o
primidone
o
propafenone
o
quinidine
o
ranolazine
o
rifampin
o
rifapentine
o
St. John’s Wort (hypericum perforatum)
o
sildenafil (Revatio®) for pulmonary arterial hypertension
o
silodosin
o
simvastatin
o
suzetrigine
o
tolvaptan
o
triazolam
o
ubrogepant
o
voclosporin

These are not the only medicines that may cause serious or life-threatening side effects if taken with PAXLOVID. PAXLOVID may increase or decrease the levels of multiple other medicines. It is very important to tell your healthcare provider about all of the medicines you are taking because additional laboratory tests or changes in the dose of your other medicines may be necessary during treatment with PAXLOVID. Your healthcare provider may also tell you about specific symptoms to watch out for that may indicate that you need to stop or decrease the dose of some of your other medicines.

•
you are allergic to nirmatrelvir, ritonavir, or any of the ingredients in PAXLOVID. See the end of this leaflet for a complete list of ingredients in PAXLOVID. See “What are the possible side effects of PAXLOVID?” for signs and symptoms of allergic reactions.

What is PAXLOVID?
PAXLOVID is a prescription medicine used to treat mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults who are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death.

PAXLOVID is not approved for use as pre-exposure or post-exposure treatment for prevention of COVID-19.

Before taking PAXLOVID, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:

•
have kidney problems. You may need a different dose or dosing schedule of PAXLOVID.
•
have liver problems, including hepatitis.
•
have Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. PAXLOVID may lead to some HIV-1 medicines not working as well in the future.
•
are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if PAXLOVID can harm your unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you are or if you become pregnant.
•
are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. PAXLOVID can pass into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during treatment with PAXLOVID.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

•
Your healthcare provider can tell you if it is safe to take PAXLOVID with other medicines.
•
You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for a list of medicines that interact with PAXLOVID.
•
Do not start taking a new medicine without telling your healthcare provider.

Tell your healthcare provider if you are taking combined birth control (hormonal contraceptive). PAXLOVID may affect how your hormonal contraceptives work. Females who are able to become pregnant should use another effective alternative form of contraception or an additional barrier method of contraception during treatment with PAXLOVID. Talk to your healthcare provider if you have any questions about contraceptive methods that might be right for you.

How should I take PAXLOVID?

•
Take PAXLOVID exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it.
•
PAXLOVID consists of 2 medicines: nirmatrelvir tablets and ritonavir tablets. The 2 medicines are taken together for 5 days.
o
Nirmatrelvir is an oval, pink tablet.
o
Ritonavir is a white or off-white tablet.
•
PAXLOVID is available in 3 Dose Packs (see Figures A, B, and C below). Your healthcare provider will prescribe the PAXLOVID Dose Pack that is right for you. Follow the instruction for the Dose Pack you receive.
•
If you have kidney disease, your healthcare provider may prescribe a lower dose (see Figures B and C). Talk to your healthcare provider to make sure you receive the correct Dose Pack.

Figure A

If you are prescribed PAXLOVID 300 mg; 100 mg Dose Pack
Each dose contains 3 tablets taken together twice daily

Figure A

How to take PAXLOVID 300 mg; 100 mg Dose Pack

Figure A1

Morning Dose:
Take the 2 pink nirmatrelvir tablets and
1 white to off-white ritonavir tablet together.

Figure A2
Figure A3

Bedtime Dose:
Take the 2 pink nirmatrelvir tablets and
1 white to off-white ritonavir tablet together.

Figure A4

Figure B

If you are prescribed PAXLOVID 150 mg; 100 mg Dose Pack
Each dose contains 2 tablets taken together twice daily

Figure B

How to take PAXLOVID 150 mg; 100 mg Dose Pack

Figure B1

Morning Dose:
Take the 1 pink nirmatrelvir tablet and
1 white ritonavir tablet together.

Figure B2
Figure B3

Bedtime Dose:
Take the 1 pink nirmatrelvir tablet and
1 white ritonavir tablet together.

Figure B4

Figure C

If you are prescribed PAXLOVID 300 mg; 100 mg (Day 1) and 150 mg; 100 mg (Days 2-5)
Each dose is taken together once daily; on days of dialysis take PAXLOVID after receiving dialysis

Figure C

How to take PAXLOVID 300 mg; 100 mg (Day 1) and 150 mg; 100 mg (Days 2-5)

Image

Day 1 (First Day):

Take the 2 pink nirmatrelvir tablets and
1 white ritonavir tablet together
(Blue part of the blister card).

Figure C2

Image

Days 2-5:

Take the 1 pink nirmatrelvir tablet and

1 white ritonavir tablet together

(Pink part of the blister card).

Figure C3

•
Do not remove your PAXLOVID tablets from the blister card before you are ready to take your dose.
•
If you are taking PAXLOVID tablets twice daily (Figure A or Figure B), take your first dose of PAXLOVID in the morning or at bedtime, depending on when you pick up your prescription, or as your healthcare provider tells you to. Take your doses at around the same time each day.
•
If you have severe kidney disease and are taking PAXLOVID tablets once daily (Figure C), follow the daily dose instruction on the blister card. Take your dose at around the same time each day.
•
Swallow the tablets whole. Do not chew, break, or crush the tablets.
•
Take PAXLOVID with or without food.
•
Do not stop taking PAXLOVID without talking to your healthcare provider, even if you feel better.
•
If you miss a dose of PAXLOVID within 8 hours of the time it is usually taken, take it as soon as you remember. If you miss a dose by more than 8 hours, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take 2 doses of PAXLOVID at the same time.
•
If you take too much PAXLOVID, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.
•
If you are taking a ritonavir- or cobicistat-containing medicine to treat hepatitis C or HIV-1 infection, you should continue to take your medicine as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

Talk to your healthcare provider if you do not feel better or if you feel worse after 5 days.

What are the possible side effects of PAXLOVID?

PAXLOVID may cause serious side effects, including:

•
Allergic reactions, including severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) have happened during treatment with PAXLOVID. Stop taking PAXLOVID and get medical help right away if you get any of the following symptoms of an allergic reaction:
o
skin rash, hives, blisters or peeling skin
o
painful sores or ulcers in the mouth, nose, throat or genital area
o
swelling of the mouth, lips, tongue or face
o
trouble swallowing or breathing
o
throat tightness
o
hoarseness
•
Liver problems. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get any of the following signs and symptoms of liver problems during treatment with PAXLOVID:
o
loss of appetite
o
yellowing of your skin and the white of eyes
o
dark-colored urine
o
pale colored stools
o
itchy skin
o
stomach-area (abdominal) pain

The most common side effects of PAXLOVID include: altered sense of taste (such as metallic, bitter taste) and diarrhea.

Other possible side effects include:

•
headache
•
vomiting
•
abdominal pain
•
nausea
•
high blood pressure
•
feeling generally unwell

These are not all of the possible side effects of PAXLOVID. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

How should I store PAXLOVID?

•
Store PAXLOVID at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).

Keep PAXLOVID and all medicines out of the reach of children.

General information about the safe and effective use of PAXLOVID.
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use PAXLOVID for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give PAXLOVID to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for more information about PAXLOVID that is written for health professionals.

What are the ingredients in PAXLOVID?
Active ingredient: nirmatrelvir and ritonavir
Nirmatrelvir inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium stearyl fumarate. Film-coating contains: hydroxy propyl methylcellulose, iron oxide red, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide.
Ritonavir inactive ingredients: anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, colloidal silicon dioxide, copovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate, and sorbitan monolaurate. The film coating may contain: colloidal anhydrous silica, colloidal silicon dioxide, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, talc, and titanium dioxide.

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For more information, go to www.pfizer.com or call 1-800-438-1985.

This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.      Revised: 02/2026

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